緩衝器的工作原理Working principle of buffer

1、當液壓緩衝器受到碰撞壓力時，動能經塞頭和加速彈簧轉給活塞，使其向右運動。原來緩衝器工作腔內裝有一個複位彈簧、頂杆以及油液；

1. When the hydraulic buffer is subjected to impact pREssure, the kinetic energy is transferred to the piston through the plug head and acceleration spring, making it move to the right. The working cavity of the original buffer is equipped with a return spring, an ejector rod and oil;

2、活塞的運動擠壓工作腔內的油液，使其複位彈簧壓縮，同時使油液從活塞與頂杆之間的環形間隙擠壓出來，進入貯油腔。在活塞開始運動時，由於於頂杆之間的環形間隙較大，油液容易被擠出；在活塞繼續運動中，這一環形間隙變得越來越小，即活塞阻力不斷增大，到頂杆的圓柱形階段後，環形間隙為零，阻力也穩定於***值；

2. The movement of the piston squeezes the oil in the working chamber and compresses the return spring. At the same time, the oil is squeezed out from the annular gap between the piston and the ejector rod and enters the oil storage chamber. When the piston starts to move, the oil is easy to be squeezed out due to the large annular gap between the ejector rod and the piston; while the piston continues to move, the annular clearance becomes smaller and smaller, that is, the piston resistance increases continuously. After reaching the cylindrical stage of the ejector rod, the annular clearance is zero and the resistance is stable at the maximum value;

3、緩衝器被壓縮的過程是通過活塞擠壓油液做功的過程。這一過程消耗了大量動能，起到緩衝作用。當工作完畢，活塞被複位彈簧推至原始位置，完成一個工作循環。

3. The process of the buffer being compressed is the process that the piston squeezes the oil to do work. This process consumes a lot of kinetic energy and acts as a buffer. When the work is finished, the piston is pushed to the original position by the return spring to complete a working cycle.