什麼是阻尼器，阻尼器的種類有哪些What aRE dampers and what are the types of dampers

阻尼器，是以提供運動的阻力，耗減運動能量的裝置。使自由振動衰減的各種摩擦和其他阻礙作用，我們稱之為阻尼。而安置在結構系統上的“特殊”構件可以提供運動的阻力，耗減運動能量的裝置，我們稱為阻尼器。

Damper is a device to provide resistance of movement and reduce energy of motion. The friction and other obstructions that attenuate free vibration are called damping. The "special" components plACEd on the structural system can provide resistance to movement and reduce the motion energy, which is called damper.

利用阻尼來吸能減震不是什麼新技術，在航天、航空、軍工、槍炮、汽車等行業中早已應用各種各樣的阻尼器（或減震器）來減振消能。從二十世紀七十年代後，人們開始逐步地把這些技術轉用到建築、橋梁、鐵路等結構工程中，其發展十分迅速。特別是有五十多年曆史的液壓粘滯阻尼器， 在美國被結構工程界接受以前，經曆了大量實驗，嚴格審查，反複論證，特別是地震考驗的漫長過程。

It is not a new technology to use damping to absorb energy and reduce energy. In aerospace, aviation, military, gun, automobile and other industries, a variety of dampers (or shock absorbers) have been used to reduce vibration and energy dissipation. Since the 1970s, people began to gradually apply these technologies to construction, bridge, railway and other structural engineering, and its development is very rapid. In particular, the hydraulic viscous damper, which has a history of more than 50 years, has undergone a lot of experiments, strict examination, repeated demonstration, ESPECially the long process of earthquake test before it was accepted by the structural engineering field in the United States.

阻尼器隻是一個構件.使用在不同地方或不同工作環境就有不同的阻尼作用。Damper：用於減振；Snubber：用於防震，低速時允許移動，在速度或加速度超過相應的值時閉鎖，形成剛性支撐。

Damper is only a component. It has different damping effect when it is used in different places or different working environment. Damp: used for vibration reduction; snubber: used for shock proof, allowing movement at low speed, and locking when the speed or acceleration exceeds the corresponding value to form a rigid support.

各種應用中有：彈簧阻尼器，液壓阻尼器，脈衝阻尼器，旋轉阻尼器，風阻尼器，粘滯阻尼器，阻尼鉸鏈，阻尼滑軌，傢俱五金，櫥櫃五金等。

Various applications are: spring damper, hydraulic damper, pulse damper, rotary damper, Wind Damper, viscous damper, damping hinge, damping slide, furniture hardware, cabinet hardware, etc.