阻尼弹簧减震器有什么作用What is the function of damping spring shock absorber

    阻尼弹簧减震器是一种对位移反应灵敏的振动控制装置；弹簧减振器主要适用于核电厂、火电厂、化工厂、钢铁厂等的管道及设备的抗振动。常用于控制挂续性的流体振动激扰（如流体脉动、两相流、高速流和风振等）的管系振动。弹簧减振器能有效地控制各种频率的振动和摆动，但在一定的程度上限制了管道的正常热位移。设计时应充分考虑弹簧减振器对管道产生的附加力。

Damping spring shock absorber is a kind of vibration control device which is sensitive to displACEment; it is mainly used for anti vibration of pipes and equipment in nuclear power plant, thermal power plant, chemical plant, steel plant, etc. It is often used to control the pipe system vibration caused by continuous fluid vibration, such as fluid pulsation, two-phase flow, high-speed flow and wind vibration. The spring damper can effectively control the vibration and swing of various fREquencies, but to a certain extent, it limits the normal thermal displacement of the pipeline. The additional force of the spring damper on the pipeline should be fully considered in the design.

    为了减少路面对车辆的振动和冲击，需要弹簧把这些吸收振动和冲击的能量，弹簧在悬架中就是一个储能元件，但是暂时储存起来还不行，还要把这些对车辆乘坐舒适性和操纵稳定性不利的能量消耗掉，这是就轮到减振器登场了。液压式减振器的工作原理是当车架与车桥作往复相对运动，而活塞在缸筒内往复运动时，减震器壳中的机油通过一些狭窄的孔反复地从一个腔体流到另一个腔体。此时，孔壁与油的摩擦和液体分子的内摩擦对振动形成阻尼力，将机体和框架的振动能量转化为热能，被油和减震器壳吸收，然后消散，到大气中去。简而言之，动能转化为热能。如果减震器在试验台上连续运行几分钟，减震器气缸的外壁将变得非常热，甚至很热。减震器的性能应通过减振试验来评价。

In order to reduce the vibration and impact of the vehicle on the road, springs are needed to absorb the vibration and impact energy. The spring is an energy storage element in the suspension, but it is not enough to store it temporarily. It is also necessary to consume the energy that is unfavorable to the riding comfort and handling stability of the vehicle. It is the turn of the shock absorber. The working principle of the hydraulic shock absorber is that when the frame and the axle make recIPRocating relative motion, while the piston reciprocates in the cylinder barrel, the oil in the shock absorber housing repeatedly flows from one cavity to another through some narrow holes. At this time, the friction between the hole wall and the oil and the internal friction of the liquid molecules form a damping force on the vibration, which converts the vibration energy of the body and the frame into heat energy, which is absorbed by the oil and the shock absorber shell, and then dissipated to the atmosphere. In short, kinetic energy is converted into heat. If the shock absorber runs continuously on the test bench for several minutes, the outer wall of the shock absorber cylinder will become very hot, even very hot. The performance of shock absorber should be evaluated by vibration reduction test.

    减振试验一般只在新设计的减震器试生产时进行，但批量生产后，无需逐个进行减震器试验，只需进行定型试验。但对于特别重要的减震器，或在减震试验中必须调整以满足技术要求的阻尼弹簧减震器，应逐个进行试验。整机应进行减震试验，试验条件为实际工作条件。

Generally, the vibration reduction test is only carried out during the trial production of the newly designed shock absorber, but after the mass production, it is not necessary to carry out the shock absorber test one by one, only the type test is needed. But for the special important shock absorber or the damping spring shock absorber which must be adjusted to meet the technical requirements in the shock absorption test, the test should be carried out one by one. The shock absorption test should be carried out for the whole machine, and the test conditions are the actual working conditions.